Wind Chill:

The temperature your body feels when the air temperature is combined with the wind speed is wind chill. It is based on the rate of heat loss from exposed skin caused by the effects of wind and cold. As the speed of the wind increase, it can carry heat away from your body much more rapidly, causing skin temperature to drop. You can check out the Wind Chill chart from weather.com to see the difference between actual air temperature and perceived temperature, and the amount of time until frostbite will occur.

Frostbite:

Frostbite is an injury to the body caused by freezing body tissue. The most susceptible parts of the body are your fingers, toes, ear lobes, and tip of the nose. Symptoms include a loss of feeling in the extremity and a white or pale appearance. You should seek medical attention immediately if these symptoms occur. The area should be slowly re-warmed.

Hypothermia:

Hypothermia is abnormally low body temperature (below 95 degrees Fahrenheit). Warning signs include uncontrollable shivering, memory loss, disorientation, incoherence, slurred speech, drowsiness, and apparent exhaustion. Medical attention is needed immediately. If medical help is unavailable, begin warming the body slowly.

During the cold weather, you should wear layers of loose-fitting, lightweight, warm clothing. Trapping air between the layers will insulate you. Outer garments should be tightly woven, water repellent, and hooded. Wear a hat, because 40 percent of your body heat can be lost from your head. Cover your mouth to protect your lungs from extreme cold. Mittens, snug at the wrist, are better than gloves. Try to stay dry and out of the wind.

Source: “Wind Chill”, weather.com.