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Principles & Philosophy II - #31120
Essential Principles of Chiropractic


 

 
Joseph Sweere, DC
2.0
30.0
2.0
0.0

The scientific tenets that guide the philosophy of chiropractic health care are discussed, with emphasis on the concepts that alterations of body structure can influence neurological function, which in turn can impact body physiology and homeostatic balance.
Please select from the list on the right.

The Institution-wide learning goals define the common ground that unites the programs within the university. They are purposefully broad so that the various colleges and schools can continue to develop their unique identities through varying ways in which the goals are met.

  1. Effective Communication
    Graduates will demonstrate effective verbal, non-verbal, and written communication skills in a wide variety of contexts, including collaborative activities.
  2. Self Directed and Lifelong Learning
    Graduates will be aware of the limits of one’s personal knowledge and experience and have an intellectual interest in scholarly and creative endeavors. Graduates will actively set appropriate learning goals, pursue them, and apply the knowledge gained.
  3. Ethical Reasoning
    Graduates will demonstrate a willingness to recognize the values of others while maintaining one’s own integrity, and act ethically and professionally in all endeavors.
  4. Individuals, Communities and Cultures
    Graduates will demonstrate awareness and sensitivity to the cultural and health practices of individuals and communities. Graduates will be able to identify appropriate health related resources.
  5. Service to the Community
    Graduates will understand and value the benefits of service to the community.
  6. Influence of Mind, Body and Spirit on Health
    Graduates will recognize the inter-relationship of the mind, body and spirit and the influence of extrinsic factors on an individual’s health.
  7. Critical Thought and Knowledge Acquisition
    Graduates will acquire, appraise and apply scientific information. Graduates will contextually organize and synthesize relevant information to address an issue or problem.
  8. Competence in one's Discipline
    Graduates will demonstrate competence of appropriate depth and scope for one's discipline.

Course Objectives
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  1. Utilize terminology common to the scientific and health care communities, and apply this language into discussion of the chiropractic profession and chiropractic practice.
  2. Comprehend the components of scholarly philosophy and relate them to discussions of chiropractic as a distinct science.
  3. Appreciate the profession's perspective of health & disease, and the contribution of the nervous system to those processes.
  4. Describe those aspects of patient evaluation that are unique to chiropractic and in common with clinicians of other disciplines.
  5. Describe the fundamental concepts of how chiropractic treatment interventions effect the individual.
Materials
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A. Required Text(s):

No text required.

Required Reading:

  1. Principles & Philosophy 2 Course Notes, by K. W. Wood, DC
  2. Principles & Philosophy 2 Handout materials, by J. Sweere, DC

B. Recommended Text(s):
  1. Essential Principles of Chiropractic, by Virgil Strang, DC
  2. Principles and Practice of Chiropractic - Second Edition - Scott Haldeman, DC, MD, PH.D, Editor
  3. The Neurodynamics of the Vertebral Subluxation - A E Homewood
  4. Principles and Practice of Chiropractic - An Anthology, Joseph Janse
  5. The Chiropractic Story - Marcus Bach
  6. Chiropractors, Do They Help? Kelner, Hall & Coulter
  7. The Chiropractic Adjuster; The Science, Art & Philosophy of Chiropractic - Daniel David Palmer
  8. The Basic Principles of Chiropractic Government - C O Watkins
  9. Principles of Chiropractic - Anything Can Cause Anything - W D Harper
  10. Chiropractic Textbook - R W Stephenson
  11. B J of Davenport: The Early Years of Chiropractic - Joseph C Keating, Jr., Ph.D.J.
  12. Fundamentals of Chiropractic, D Redwood & C S Cleveland
  13. The Writings of J L DeRusha
  14. Dynamics of Correction of Abnormal Function - T J Bennett Lectures - R J Martin
  15. The Chiropractic Theories - R Leach
  16. Life Without Fear - Chiropractic Philosophy - F Barge
  17. The Stress of Life - Hans Selye
  18. Nature's Masterpiece - The Brain and How It Works - J L Pool
  19. Blueprint for Immortality - Harold Saxon Burr
  20. The Body Electric - Robert O Becker
  21. Quantum Healing - Deepak Chopra
  22. The Field - Lynn McTaggert
  23. The Biology of Belief - Bruce Lipton

C. Required Materials for Lab:

None
Assignments
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Attendance
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Attendance is expected at all lectures and labs
Grading Criteria
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1. Midterm examination: 50 points, multiple choice
2. Final examination: 50 points, multiple choice, cumulative

NOTE: A final examination and study guide will be provided

Guaranteed grades are as follows:

A = 90 - 100%
B = 80 - 89%
C = 76 - 79%
D = 70 - 75%
F = below 70%
Course Competencies
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-

COGNITIVE DOMAIN


In this course, students will be responsible for:

PART I

  1. Identifying and defining the components of scholarly philosophy
  2. Identifying and demonstrating understanding of the four fundamental components (law, theory, hypothesis & premise) of the philosophy of chiropractic science
  3. Identifying the chiropractic paradigm
  4. Demonstrating understanding of the concept of the scientific community, the rules which guide science, the scientific method and how scientific findings are reported
  5. Relating the difference in definition and utility in health care science of deductive and inductive logic
  6. Identifying the 5 physiological principles on which the science of chiropractic is based
  7. Understanding how the chiropractic definition of health & disease differs or is similar to other common definitions
  8. Understanding the 2 general pathological effects of aberrant neurological irritation and recognizing their clinical manifestations
  9. Describing the role of the common neurological factor in the disease process
  10. Knowing the 3 environmental influences that we have to adapt to maintain homeostatic balance and optimal function
  11. Demonstrating understanding of the correct order for the diagnostic formula
  12. Utilizing the diagnostic formula to identify potential levels of aberrant neurological irritation in particular presentation scenarios
  13. Identifying the features of primary and secondary subluxations and their relevance in clinical decision making
  14. Demonstrating understanding of the 5 fundamental questions asked of each case presentation
  15. Defining the various forms of manual therapy by their physiological action through ranges of motion
  16. Identifying various contemporary subluxation theories
  17. Understanding the P.A.R.T.S. acronym and its relevance to clinical evaluation of subluxation
  18. Identifying the components of a profession, and their relationship to ethical chiropractic practice

    PART II
  19. A structural approach to chiropractic case management
  20. Iatrogenesis, malpractice issues, health care regulation
  21. Chiropractors as primary care physicians (PCP), a pilot study; the holistic health care model
  22. Health statistics; documentation of chiropractic's effectiveness; chiropractic progress


Conditions:
Students will be exposed to the following presenting conditions in an effort to illustrate those perspectives of diagnosis, analysis, treatment and case management that are unique to chiropractic practice and in common with other health disciplines (See the following key for description of codes).

Clinical Condition Etiol. & Epidem. Patho-physio. Nat.History & Course Exam & Dx RX/Mgmt
Asthma 2 2 2 1,2,3,4 1,6
Brachial neuritis 2 2 2 1,2,3,4 1,6
CA, metastatic bone 1 1 1 1,2,3,4 1,6
Colds/Coryza 2 2 2 1,2,3,4 1,3,6
Colic, infantile 2 2 2 1,2,3,4 1,6
Cervicalgia 2 2 2 1,2,3,4,6 1,6
Cholycystitis 1 1 1 1,2,3,4 1,3
HA, C-tension 2 2 2 1,2,3,4 1,6
HA, migraine 1 1 1 1,2,3,4 1,6
IVDS, lumbar 1 1 1 1,2,3,4 1,6
Lumbalgia 2 2 2 1,2,3,4,6 1,6
Otitis media, serous 1 1 1 1,2,3,4 1,6
Radiculopathy 2 2 2 1,2,3,4 1,2,6
Sciatica 2 2 2 1,2,3,4 1,6
Sprain, SIJ 2 2 2 1,2,3,4,6 1,6
Thoracalgia 2 2 2 1,2,3,4,6 1,6

The following codes refer to the depth of coverage for Etiology and Epidemiology; Pathophysiology, and; Natural History and Course:

0 No coverage or content
1 Introduction, without test items
2 Moderate class discussion and/or handout material, with test items
3 Extensive discussion and/or handout material, with test items

For Exam and Diagnosis, the following numbers indicate which aspects of exam and diagnosis of each condition are taught in this course:

1 Presenting SX: Presenting symptoms related to condition are discussed.
2 History findings: Relevant personal and family history are discussed.
3 Exam findings: General physical exam findings are discussed.
4 Chiro. findings: Posture, subluxation, muscle tone and length, trigger pts .
5 Lab findings: Blood, urine, CSF . . .
6 Imaging findings: Normal, CT, CAT, MRI . . .
7 Special test: eg-sweat test for cystic fibrosis, spirometry for asthma.

For Treatment/Management, the following numbers indicate which aspects of treatment and management of each condition are taught in this course:

1 Chiropractic: Adjustments, soft tissue techniques
2 PT: Physical therapy modalities of all types
3 Nutrition/Suppl: Diet and supplement recommendations
4 Exercise: Stretching, strengthening, aerobic exercise recommendations
5 Lifestyle Mgmt: Stress reduction, smoking cessation, allergen avoidance . . .
6 Medical: Drugs, antibiotics, surgical procedures, radiotherapy . . .
7 Other: Acupressure/puncture, massage, homeopathic or herbal Rx . . .
8 Guidelines: If published, do you refer to them regarding this condition?


PSYCHOMOTOR DOMAIN


N/A

AFFECTIVE DOMAIN


Students will demonstrate the integrity, sensitivity, respect, courtesy, compassion and professionalism, for both the instructor and other class members, that is expected of a student in a professional health care science curriculum
Weekly Calendar of Learning Objectives
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Week Dates Topics/Learning objectives
Week 1 --

Lec: Introduction: review of course syllabus, conduct and course objectives. Introduction to chiropractic science; components of scholarly philosophy; defining philosophy, paradigm, art & practice; defining principle/law, theory, hypothesis, premise or conjecture & dogma; what is the "scientific community"; defining the chiropractic paradigm

Lec: Composition of chiropractic science; review of the scientific method; purpose, facts & philosophy of chiropractic science; 5 physiological principles of the philosophy of chiropractic science; tone, universal intelligence, innate intelligence vernacular
Week 2 --

Lec: Health & disease concepts; definitions of health & disease; chiropractic perspectives of health & disease; Cartesian/mechanistic vs. organizational body function theory; nervous system mediation of health/disease continuum; defining "disease"; allopathic vs. chiropractic influence of the disease entity; categories of environmental influence (M-C-P) & nervous system impediments

Lec: Health & disease concepts II; common factor of health & disease; extreme impediments to nervous system function; pathophysiological effects of aberrant neurological irritation; facilitation & inhibition/fatigue/block with clinical manifestations of each
Week 3 --

Lec: Diagnosis-clinical chiropractic correlation; Defining symptoms, diagnosis & analysis; responsibilities of the chiropractic physician.

Lec: Introduction to the diagnostic formula; 3 major categories of symptoms & their relation to common neurological pathways; differential diagnosis of viscus dysfunction
Week 4 --

Lec: Theorized types & effects of subluxation; primary & secondary subluxations and their treatment strategies

Lec: Clinical manifestations of subluxation, as defined by Gillet, Haldeman & currently by Bergmann, et al; P-A-R-T-S Acronym
Week 5 -- Lec: The chiropractic approach to patient care; evolution of chiropractic practice; responsibilities of the chiropractic physician; 5 questions you should ask of yourself with each patient presentation; defining types of care, including acute, continuing, ongoing, supportive & maintenance; fundamentals of documentation & record keeping; the concept of the "big idea"
Week 6 -- Lec: Manual methods; defining the types of manual therapy procedures, including soft tissue techniques, mobilization, manipulation, adjustment & reflex techniques
Week 7 -- MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS
Week 8 --

Lec: Introduction to subluxation theories; nerve compression hypothesis, proprioceptive insult hypothesis, somatovisceral hypothesis, somatosomatic hypothesis, viscersomatic hypothesis, dentate ligament/cord compression hypothesis, axoplasmic aberration hypothesis, vertebrobasilar insufficiency hypothesis, neurodystrophy hypothesis, somatopsychic hypothesis & the psychogenic hypothesis
Week 9 -- Lec: Professional & ethical concerns; defining a health care professional; specialized skill & training, public trust & self- regulation
Week 10 -- Lec: The fundamentals of chiropractic, A structural approach to chiropractic case management; The Viracon Project - A Case Study; normal structure, optimal function; abnormal structure, abnormal function; engineering considerations within the subluxation complex; optimal axial loading; load moment; stress defined; structural stress.
Week 11 -- Lec: Iatrogenesis; malpractice issues; health care regulatory bodies
Week 12 -- Lec: Doctors of chiropractic serving as primary care physicians (PCP); The Alternative Medicine, Inc. pilot study; the holistic health care model; subtle energies in healing; vibrational medicine
Week 13 -- Lec: Health statistics; chiropractic research; documentation of chiropractic's clinical effectiveness; chiropractic historic milestone/progress
Week 14 -- Final Examinations
Week 15 -- Final Examinations
Please Note
This schedule of lecture and lab topics and quizzes and exams may be changed during the course of the trimester as circumstances require. Whenever possible, such changes will be announced in class before the date and time in question. You are responsible for anything that transpires during lectures and labs, even when you are unable to attend. In the event that you miss a class session, make sure you check with a classmate about any announcements or schedule changes which may have been made. Makeup exams are allowed only according to the policies described in the current student handbook, which is available in the Student Affairs office.
Maintained by Northwestern College of Chiropractic
Last updated: 11 August, 2005
 

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